Famous dictionaries5/17/2023 Therefore, PEDs have become one of the focuses of interest for many Chinese and Japanese researchers. In Japan, PEDs have been used extensively by EFL students (Bower and McMillan 2007, Kobayashi 2008) and in China, this type of dictionaries have also become the most popular reference tools (Lang and Li 2003, Wang 2003, Chen 2007). Contrary to the western scene, PEDs are particularly popular with language learners in or from the eastern Asian countries (Tang 1997, Nesi 1999, 2003, Stirling 2003, Midlane 2005). However, compared with other types of electronic dictionaries such as CD-ROM dictionaries or dictionaries used in Computer-Assisted Language Learning context, the pocket electronic dictionary (henceforth PED), a small hand-held calculator-type reference work containing basic vocabulary in one or more languages (Hartmann and James 2000: 110), seems to be in the margins of the western lexicographical circle, as only a handful of western researchers showed interest in the use of this type of dictionaries (e.g. The advent of electronic dictionaries has been making a real impact on the dictionary scene by gradually yet dramatically changing users’ preferences and patterns of dictionary use and thus has drawn growing attention from lexicographers, researchers and language teachers across the world.
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